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北京地区尸生性蝇类研究及其在法医鉴定中的应用 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:10
为提供法医学尸体死亡时间鉴定的准确性,对北京地区人尸上蝇类区系进行了系统调查(1994~1996)。发现本地区共有双翅目尸生性蝇类3科、12属、14种。其中常见种有红头丽蝇、丝光绿蝇、大头金蝇、肥须亚麻蝇、急钓亚麻蝇、棕尾别麻蝇和家蝇7种。对其常见种的幼虫进行不同温度和湿度下培养,观察常见环境因素,如日历期、风雨天气等因素对其生长发育速率的影响。结果表明,蝇类幼虫在其适宜生长发育的温度范围内,随着温度的升高发育速率加快,历期缩短;在同一温度和同一饲养条件下,发育速率因种而异;平均温度在28℃左右时,蝇类幼虫发育最快,尤其是1~2龄幼虫,时间为1天左右,且较稳定。这些数据对法医学推断死亡时间具有参考价值。 相似文献
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利用积温和昆虫发育历期推测死亡时间的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的积累尸食性蝇类虫态发育历期和积温的资料。方法采用动物尸体作诱饵,分别对自然飞到诱饵上繁殖生长的6种尸食性蝇类的虫态发育历期和积温进行观察研究。结果经过观察,取得了棕尾别麻蝇、丝光绿蝇、紫绿蝇、宽丽蝇、巨尾阿丽蝇、大头金蝇等6种尸食性蝇类的虫态发育历期和积温的基础数据。并采用倒计积温的方法推测实际案例中死者死亡时间,破案后证实推测时间与实际死亡时间一致。结论本文数据可为利用尸食性蝇类虫态育历期的积温推测死亡时间提供依据。 相似文献
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目的利用线粒体DNA(m tDNA)上细胞色素氧化酶辅酶Ⅱ(COⅡ)中635bp基因序列,解决嗜尸性苍蝇及其卵和幼虫种类鉴定的难题。方法随机采集放置在呼和浩特地区室外草地家兔尸体上的嗜尸性苍蝇、幼虫、苍蝇腹中的卵。利用Chelex方法提取上述苍蝇m tDNA;通过Perk in-E lm er 9600扩增仪进行PCR扩增;琼脂糖水平电泳和银染显色技术进行扩增结果检测;PCR胶回收试剂盒纯化;AB I 377测序仪测序;DNAMAN 4.0序列分析软件,进行序列比对,截取等长度片段;MEGA2.1软件包进行序列分析和构建系统发育树。结果上述嗜尸性苍蝇m tDNA上COⅡ基因序列在双翅目嗜尸性苍蝇的种内差异均数小于1%,种间差异均数大于3%,成虫与幼虫、卵无明显差异。以此能够根据COⅡ序列差异判断两个个体是否同种。然而,对于亲缘关系非常接近的铜绿蝇和丝光绿蝇来说,由于二者的种内、种间进化分歧均数非常接近,运用上述两个片段则很难区别。结论m tDNA上COⅡ序列分析能有效地对绝大多数嗜尸性苍蝇进行种类鉴定。该检测方法快速、简便和精确,能作为法医鉴别嗜尸性苍蝇种类的依据。 相似文献
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Investigating the Potential of Fluorescent Fingerprint Powders as a Marker for Blow Fly Larvae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) 下载免费PDF全文
Jennifer Y. Rosati Ph.D. Scott D. Robinson B.Sc. Richard Devine 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(3):653-658
Four fluorescent fingerprint powders (RedWop?, GreenWop?, Basic Yellow?, and Yellow Powder?) were evaluated as a marker for blow fly larvae. Administration methods included ingestion (high vs. low concentration) or topical. Ingestion of high concentrations of Basic Yellow? and RedWop? caused higher larval mortality. Basic Yellow? delayed development and adult emergence while RedWop? and Yellow Powder? had a significant effect on particular stages of development, however, emergence time was not altered. Optimal administration is through ingestion at low concentration levels (<10%) or topically, with GreenWop? demonstrating minimal adverse effects. Optimum wavelength for discrimination between powders was 450 nm. This research can aid in investigative training to increase visibility of larval and pupal blow flies. It can also be used in entomological studies to differentiate between larval blow flies (or other dipteran) species or individuals to further understand complex interactions and behavior during larval development. 相似文献
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目的应用mt DNA中COI(348bp)、COII(637bp)及16Sr DNA(513bp)基因序列鉴定贵阳地区常见尸食性蝇类的种属。方法收集贵阳地区常见尸食性蝇类标本,经形态学分类鉴定后提取胸肌DNA,扩增COI(348bp)、COII(637bp)及16Sr DNA(513bp)基因片段,测序后用DNAMAN 4.0序列分析软件进行序列拼接,NCBI中的BLAST、MEGA 5.2软件包对所得序列分析建立种内及种间进化分歧率,并构建系统发育树。结果 COI种间平均进化分歧率为12.55%,种间范围在3.0%~18.6%,种内范围在0%~0.7%;COII种间平均进化分歧率为13.73%,种间范围在5.3%~21.6%,种内范围在0%~0.6%;16Sr DNA种间平均进化分歧率为4.54%,种间范围在0.4%~7.6%,种内范围在0%~0.4%。结论 COI、COII及16Sr DNA可用于尸食性蝇类的种属鉴定,该方法可作为传统分类方法的补充手段。 相似文献
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目的了解北京地区目前尸食性蝇类数目及常见尸食性蝇类的季节分布。方法采用动物尸体或组织诱捕和饲养的方法采集尸食性蝇类标本,对其进行分类保存后进行观察和统计。结果北京地区尸食性蝇类为4科9亚科21属46种,其中有12种是北京新记录种。尸食性蝇类具有区域性分布和季节性分布的特性。结论北京地区尸食性蝇类及常见的尸食性蝇类季节分布数据,可为相关研究提供参考依据。 相似文献
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Guo Y Cai J Chang Y Li X Liu Q Wang X Wang X Zhong M Wen J Wang J 《Journal of forensic sciences》2011,56(6):1534-1540
Insects attracted to cadavers may provide important indications of the postmortem interval (PMI). However, use of the flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) for PMI estimation is limited as the species are often not morphologically distinct, especially as immatures. In this study, 23 forensically important flesh flies were collected from 13 locations in 10 Chinese provinces. Then, a 278-bp segment of the cytochrome oxidase subunits one (COI) gene and a 289-bp segment of the 16S rDNA gene of all specimens were successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced segments showed that all sarcophagid specimens were properly assigned into four species (Boerttcherisca peregrina [Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830], Helicophagella melanura [Meigen, 1826], Parasarcophaga albiceps [Meigen, 1826], and Parasarcophaga dux [Thompson, 1869]) with relatively strong supporting values, thus indicating that the COI and 16S rDNA regions are suitable for identification of sarcophagid species. The difference between intraspecific threshold and interspecific divergence confirmed the potential of the two regions for sarcophagid species identification. 相似文献
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河南三门峡地区夏秋季常见嗜尸性蝇类的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨三门峡地区常见嗜尸性苍蝇种类、演替规律及其在法医学实践中的应用价值。方法采用笼诱法观察7月中旬-10月中旬兔尸上嗜尸性苍蝇种类演替规律及生活习性。结果出现的双翅目嗜尸性苍蝇有3科9属13种,主要为蝇科的舍蝇、市蝇、厩腐蝇、元厕蝇、斑蹠黑蝇、兰翠蝇;丽蝇科的大头金蝇、丝光绿蝇、亮绿蝇、巨尾阿丽蝇;麻蝇科的棕尾别麻蝇、褐须亚麻蝇和尾黑麻蝇;且出现时间有很强的规律性。结论河南三门峡地区夏秋季常见嗜尸性蝇类在兔尸上的出现有一定的演替规律,可望为该地区法医学死亡时间的推断提供参考。 相似文献